Volume-XI, Issue-I, January 2025 |
পাণিনির অষ্টাধ্যায়ীতে ইৎসংজ্ঞাকরণ তথা অনুবন্ধলোপের যৌক্তিকতা বিশ্বজিৎ পাত্র, সহকারী অধ্যাপক, সংস্কৃত বিভাগ, বিবেকান্দ মহাবিদ্যালয়, হুগলী, পশ্চিমবঙ্গ, ভারত |
Received: 18.01.2024 | Accepted: 30.01.2025 | Published Online: 31.01.2025 | Page No: 31-38 | ||||
DOI: 10.29032/ijhsss.vol.11.issue.01W.004 | |||||||
ABSTRACT | ||
India has a glorious history of grammatical study. The practice of grammar began in the Vedic period with the Sanskrit language in India. There is clear evidence of the practice of grammar in ancient India in the Mundakopanishad, the Gopathabrahmana, the Pratishakhyas, and the Shikshagranthas. In the history of Sanskrit grammar, the names of many Vaiyakaranas, such as Mahadeva, Brahma, Brihaspati, Indra, Bharadwaja, Shakalya, Shaktayana, Vyari, Apishali, Kasyapa, Gargya, Galava, and many other communities such as Oindra, Chandra, Jainendra, Shaktayaniya, Kashyapi, Paniniya, etc. are found. However, it is the Pāṇini and Pāṇiniya communities that have been awarded the title of excellence in terms of their scientific interpretation of Sanskrit grammar, brevity of texts, availability of original texts, explanation, annotations, and adoption of various basic techniques. Therefore, today we understand Panini and his community primarily as Sanskrit grammar. To make his Ashtadhyayi concise, substantial, and scientific, Mahamuni Panini has used special terminology words like Mahasangna, Laghusangna, Anubritti, Biparinama, Adesha, Agama, Itsangna and Anubandhalopa etc. and adopted various techniques. Generally, the main task of grammar is to analyze the meaning of the words used in the language by classifying their ‘Prakriti-Pratyaya’. In Ashtadhyayi, the prakṛtis and pratyās that are used by Mahamuni Pāṇini, during the analysis of the Sanskrit language ‘Itsangakbarnas’ are used. These ‘Itsangavarnas’ disappear naturally. And that brings us to the question, is it necessary to use things that disappear? Is it not better to remain unmentioned for unnecessary letters where the grammarians are as happy to have children as they are able to reduce ‘the Matras’ by half? But such questions arise because of our lack of knowledge. Basically, in the Ashtadhyayi of Panini, the importance of these ‘Itsangakvarnas’ is immense. In this article, we will discuss with the help of some examples why Panini kept the ‘Itsangakvarnas’ with pratyas, though he knew that they would vanish. Keyword: Samaskritabhasha, Vyakarana, Panini, Ashtadhyayi, Itsanga, Anubandhalopa, pratyaya, Pratyahara. |